{"id":3386,"date":"2026-07-22T14:14:35","date_gmt":"2026-07-22T12:14:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.icone-neutron.fr\/?page_id=3386"},"modified":"2026-07-22T14:15:25","modified_gmt":"2026-07-22T12:15:25","slug":"la-matiere","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.icone-neutron.fr\/fr\/la-matiere\/","title":{"rendered":"la-matiere"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3386\" class=\"elementor elementor-3386\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a492b9e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a492b9e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7e7478 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"a7e7478\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"matiere-section\">\r\n\r\n    <div class=\"matiere-title\">\r\n        La mati\u00e8re\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n    <h3>Constitution<\/h3>\r\n\r\n    <p>\r\n        La mati\u00e8re est compos\u00e9e d\u2019atomes. Un atome est constitu\u00e9 d\u2019un noyau central\r\n        entour\u00e9 d\u2019un cort\u00e8ge \u00e9lectronique.\r\n    <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n    <div class=\"matiere-icon\">\r\n        \u269b\ufe0f\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n    <p>\r\n        Le noyau est compos\u00e9 de <b>A nucl\u00e9ons<\/b> dont :\r\n    <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n    <div class=\"bloc-info\">\r\n\r\n        <p>\r\n            \ud83d\udd34 <b>Z protons<\/b><br>\r\n            Charge : +e \u2243 1,602 \u00d7 10<sup>-19<\/sup> C<br>\r\n            Masse : m<sub>p<\/sub> \u2243 938,272 MeV\/c\u00b2\r\n        <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <p>\r\n            \u26aa <b>A \u2212 Z neutrons<\/b><br>\r\n            Charge nulle<br>\r\n            Masse : m<sub>n<\/sub> \u2243 939,565 MeV\/c\u00b2\r\n        <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <p>\r\n            \ud83d\udd35 <b>Z \u00e9lectrons<\/b><br>\r\n            Charge : \u2212e<br>\r\n            Masse : m<sub>e<\/sub> \u2243 0,511 MeV\/c\u00b2\r\n        <\/p>\r\n\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n    <p>\r\n        Les atomes interagissent entre eux gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la mise en commun\r\n        de certains de leurs \u00e9lectrons, permettant la formation des mol\u00e9cules.\r\n    <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n    <h3>Dimensions typiques<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n    <p>\r\n        Les distances et les \u00e9nergies caract\u00e9ristiques de la mati\u00e8re\r\n        varient selon l\u2019\u00e9chelle \u00e9tudi\u00e9e.\r\n    <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n    <div class=\"bloc-info\">\r\n\r\n        <p>\r\n            \ud83d\udccf <b>Dimensions subatomiques<\/b><br><br>\r\n            Taille du noyau : 2 \u00e0 20 fm<br>\r\n            Distances inter-atomes : 1 \u00e0 2,5 \u00c5\r\n        <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <p>\r\n            \u26a1 <b>Energies caract\u00e9ristiques<\/b><br><br>\r\n            Liaisons entre nucl\u00e9ons : 1 \u00e0 10 MeV<br>\r\n            Liaisons mol\u00e9culaires : 1 \u00e0 10 eV<br>\r\n            Liaisons intra-mol\u00e9culaires : 1 \u00e0 100 meV\r\n        <\/p>\r\n\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n    <h3>Dualit\u00e9 onde-corpuscule<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n    <p>\r\n        En m\u00e9canique quantique, une particule poss\u00e8de une double nature :\r\n        elle peut \u00eatre d\u00e9crite comme une onde ou comme un corpuscule.\r\n    <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n    <div class=\"quantum-box\">\r\n\r\n        \ud83c\udf0a <b>Avant l\u2019observation<\/b><br><br>\r\n\r\n        Tant qu\u2019une particule n\u2019est pas observ\u00e9e, sa probabilit\u00e9 de pr\u00e9sence\r\n        se comporte comme une onde caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par une longueur d\u2019onde \u03bb [m].\r\n        \r\n        <br><br>\r\n\r\n        \u26ab <b>Lors de l\u2019observation<\/b><br><br>\r\n\r\n        Lorsqu\u2019on tente de l\u2019observer, elle appara\u00eet comme un corpuscule ponctuel\r\n        concentrant toute son \u00e9nergie [eV].\r\n\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n    <p class=\"note\">\r\n        <b>1<\/b> On observe une particule en la contraignant \u00e0 \u00e9changer\r\n        de l\u2019\u00e9nergie avec l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur.\r\n    <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/section>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n\r\nbody{\r\n    margin:0;\r\n    font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\r\n    background:#f5f7fa;\r\n    color:#2f2f2f;\r\n    line-height:1.8;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n.matiere-section{\r\n\r\n    max-width:950px;\r\n    margin:60px auto;\r\n    padding:45px;\r\n\r\n    background:#fff;\r\n    border-radius:18px;\r\n\r\n    box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.08);\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n.matiere-title{\r\n\r\n    margin-bottom:30px;\r\n\r\n    font-size:34px;\r\n\r\n    color:#0d5cab;\r\n\r\n    font-weight:800;\r\n\r\n    border-left:6px solid #0d5cab;\r\n\r\n    padding-left:18px;\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n.matiere-section h3{\r\n\r\n    margin-top:35px;\r\n\r\n    font-size:26px;\r\n\r\n    color:#0d5cab;\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n.matiere-section p{\r\n\r\n    margin-bottom:22px;\r\n\r\n    font-size:17px;\r\n\r\n    color:#444;\r\n\r\n    text-align:justify;\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n.matiere-icon{\r\n\r\n    text-align:center;\r\n\r\n    font-size:70px;\r\n\r\n    margin:25px;\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n.bloc-info{\r\n\r\n    display:grid;\r\n\r\n    grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(250px,1fr));\r\n\r\n    gap:20px;\r\n\r\n    margin:30px 0;\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n.bloc-info p{\r\n\r\n    background:#eef6ff;\r\n\r\n    padding:20px;\r\n\r\n    border-radius:14px;\r\n\r\n    border-left:5px solid #0d5cab;\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n.quantum-box{\r\n\r\n    background:#f0f7ff;\r\n\r\n    border-radius:15px;\r\n\r\n    padding:25px;\r\n\r\n    border-left:6px solid #0d5cab;\r\n\r\n    margin-top:25px;\r\n\r\n    font-size:17px;\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n.note{\r\n\r\n    font-size:14px!important;\r\n\r\n    color:#666!important;\r\n\r\n    margin-top:25px;\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n@media(max-width:768px){\r\n\r\n    .matiere-section{\r\n\r\n        margin:20px;\r\n\r\n        padding:25px;\r\n\r\n    }\r\n\r\n\r\n    .matiere-title{\r\n\r\n        font-size:28px;\r\n\r\n    }\r\n\r\n\r\n    .matiere-section p{\r\n\r\n        font-size:16px;\r\n\r\n    }\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n<\/style>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La mati\u00e8re Constitution La mati\u00e8re est compos\u00e9e d\u2019atomes. Un atome est constitu\u00e9 d\u2019un noyau central entour\u00e9 d\u2019un cort\u00e8ge \u00e9lectronique. \u269b\ufe0f Le noyau est compos\u00e9 de A nucl\u00e9ons dont : \ud83d\udd34 Z protons Charge : +e \u2243 1,602 \u00d7 10-19 C Masse : mp \u2243 938,272 MeV\/c\u00b2 \u26aa A \u2212 Z neutrons Charge nulle Masse : [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3386","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icone-neutron.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3386","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icone-neutron.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icone-neutron.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icone-neutron.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icone-neutron.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3386"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.icone-neutron.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3386\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3391,"href":"https:\/\/www.icone-neutron.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3386\/revisions\/3391"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icone-neutron.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3386"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}